Universes
Index Options
Create Universes
To add a universe of Index Option contracts, in the initialize
method, call the add_index_option
method. This method returns an Option
object, which contains the canonical symbol
. You can't trade with the canonical Option symbol
, but save a reference to it so you can easily access the Option contracts in the OptionChain that LEAN passes to the on_data
method. The method to create the universe depends on if the Index Options you want require a target ticker.
Create Non-Standard Universes
Non-standard Option contracts are popular among Option traders.
To create a universe of non-standard Index Options like weekly VIX contracts, pass the index Symbol and target Option ticker to the add_index_option
method.
class WeeklyIndexOptionAlgorithm(QCAlgorithm): def initialize(self): underlying = self.add_index("VIX").symbol option = self.add_index_option(underlying, "VIXW") option.set_filter(lambda universe: universe.include_weeklys().expiration(0, 7).delta(0.35, 0.75)) self._symbol = option.symbol def on_data(self, data): chain = data.option_chains.get(self._symbol) if chain: contract = sorted(chain, key=lambda x: (x.expiry, x.greeks.delta))[0]
The following table describes the add_index_option
method arguments for non-standard universes:
Argument | Data Type | Description | Default Value |
---|---|---|---|
underlying | Symbol | The underlying Index Symbol . To view the supported indices, see Supported Assets. | |
target_option | str | The target Option ticker. To view the supported target Options, see Supported Assets. | |
resolution | Resolution/NoneType | The resolution of the market data. To view the supported resolutions, see Resolutions. The Index resolution must be less than or equal to the Index Option resolution. For example, if you set the Index resolution to minute, then you must set the Index Option resolution to minute, hour, or daily. | None |
market | str | The Index Option market. | Market.USA |
fill_forward | bool | If true, the current slice contains the last available data even if there is no data at the current time. | True |
If you add an Option universe for an underlying Index that you don't have a subscription for, LEAN automatically subscribes to the underlying Index.
Create Standard Universes
To create a universe of Index Options based on an index like VIX, SPX, or NDX, pass the index ticker to the add_index_option
method.
option = self.add_index_option("SPX") option.set_filter(lambda universe: universe.expiration(0, 60).delta(0.35, 0.75)) self._symbol = option.symbol
The following table describes the add_index_option
method arguments for standard universes:
Argument | Data Type | Description | Default Value |
---|---|---|---|
ticker | str | The underlying Index ticker. To view the supported indices, see Supported Assets. | |
resolution | Resolution/NoneType | The resolution of the market data. To view the supported resolutions, see Resolutions. | None |
market | str | The Index Option market. | Market.USA |
fill_forward | bool | If true, the current slice contains the last available data even if there is no data at the current time. | True |
If you add an Option universe for an underlying Index that you don't have a subscription for, LEAN automatically subscribes to the underlying Index and sets its fill forward property to match that of the Index Option universe.
Filter by Investment Strategy
Options trading strategies consist of simultaneously buying or selling one or more Option contracts on the same underlying Index, but with different features.
# Example 1: Select a Straddle option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.straddle(30, 5, 10)) # Example 2: Select the contracts (including weeklys) that expire in the next 30 days that form an Iron Condor option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.include_weeklys().strikes(-20, 20).expiration(0, 30).iron_condor(30, 5, 10)) # Example 3: Select the 0DTE contracts that form an Strangle option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.include_weeklys().expiration(0, 0).strangle(30, 5, -10))
The following table describes the filter methods of the OptionFilterUniverse
class that select contracts for Option strategies:
naked_call(min_days_till_expiry: int, strike_from_atm: float) Selects a call contract to form Naked Call, Covered Call, or Protective Call Option strategies. |
naked_put(min_days_till_expiry: int, strike_from_atm: float) Selects a put contract to form Naked Put, Covered Put, or Protective Put Option strategies. |
call_spread(min_days_till_expiry: int, higher_strike_from_atm: float, lower_strike_from_atm: float) Selects two call contracts to form Bull Call Spread or Bear Call Spread Option strategies. |
put_spread(min_days_till_expiry: int, higher_strike_from_atm: float, lower_strike_from_atm: float) Selects two put contracts to form Bull Put Spread or Bear Put Spread Option strategies. |
call_calendar_spread(strike_from_atm: int, min_near_days_till_expiry: int, min_far_days_till_expiry: int) Selects two call contracts to form Long Call Calendar Spread or Short Call Calendar Spread Option strategies. |
put_calendar_spread(strike_from_atm: int, min_near_days_till_expiry: int, min_far_days_till_expiry: int) Selects two put contracts to form Long Put Calendar Spread or Short Put Calendar Spread Option strategies. |
strangle(min_days_till_expiry: int, higher_strike_from_atm: float, lower_strike_from_atm: float) Selects two contracts to form Long Strangle or Short Strangle Option strategies. |
straddle(min_days_till_expiry: int) Selects two contracts to form Long Straddle or Short Straddle Option strategies. |
protective_collar(min_days_till_expiry: int, higher_strike_from_atm: float, lower_strike_from_atm: float) Selects two contracts to form Protective Collar Option strategies. |
conversion(min_days_till_expiry: int, strike_from_atm: float) Selects two contracts to form Conversion or Reverse Conversion Option strategies. |
call_butterfly(min_days_till_expiry: int, strike_spread: float) Selects three contracts to form Long Call Butterfly or Short Call Butterfly Option strategies. |
put_butterfly(min_days_till_expiry: int, strike_spread: float) Selects three contracts to form Long Put Butterfly or Short Put Butterfly Option strategies. |
iron_butterfly(min_days_till_expiry: int, strike_spread: float) Selects four contracts to form Long Iron Butterfly or Short Iron Butterfly Option strategies. |
iron_condor(min_days_till_expiry: int, near_strike_spread: float, far_strike_spread: float) Selects four contracts to form Long Iron Condor or Short Iron Condor Option strategies. |
box_spread(min_days_till_expiry: int, strike_spread: float) Selects four contracts to form Box Spread or Short Box Spread Option strategies. |
jelly_roll(strike_from_atm: float, min_near_days_till_expiry: int, min_far_days_till_expiry: int) Selects four contracts to form Jelly Roll or Short Jelly Roll Option strategies. |
call_ladder(min_days_till_expiry: int, higher_strike_from_atm: float, middle_strike_from_atm: float, lower_strike_from_atm: float) Selects four contracts to form Bear Call Ladder or Bull Call Ladder Option strategies. |
put_ladder(min_days_till_expiry: int, higher_strike_from_atm: float, middle_strike_from_atm: float, lower_strike_from_atm: float) Selects four contracts to form Bear Put Ladder or Bull Put Ladder Option strategies. |
The preceding methods return an OptionFilterUniverse
, so you can chain the methods together.
Filter by Implied Volatility and Greeks
Option price models compute the theoretical price of Option contracts, their implied volatility, and their Greek values. Theoretical prices can help you detect undervalued and overvalued contracts, implied volatility can provide you insight into the upcoming volatility of the underlying security, and Greek values can help you hedge your portfolio.
# Example 1: Select the contracts with delta between 0.25 and 0.75 option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.delta(0.25, 0.75)) # Example 2: Select the contracts (including weeklys) that expire in the next 90 days with implied volatility below 20% option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.include_weeklys().iv(0, 20).expiration(0, 90)) # Example 3: Select the contracts (including weeklys) that expire in the next 30 days with implied volatility below 20% that forms an Iron Condor option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.include_weeklys().iv(0, 20).expiration(0, 30).iron_condor(30, 5, 10))
The following table describes the filter methods of the OptionFilterUniverse
class that select contract for a range of implied volatility, Greek values, and open interest:
iv(min: float, max: float) implied_volatility(min: float, max: float) Selects a contract with implied volatility within the range you set. |
d(min: float, max: float) delta(min: float, max: float) Selects a contract with delta within the range you set. |
g(min: float, max: float) gamma(min: float, max: float) Selects a contract with gamma within the range you set. |
r(min: float, max: float) rho(min: float, max: float) Selects a contract with rho within the range you set. |
v(min: float, max: float) vega(min: float, max: float) Selects a contract with vega within the range you set. |
t(min: float, max: float) theta(min: float, max: float) Selects a contract with theta within the range you set. |
oi(min: int, max: int) open_interest(min: float, max: float) Selects a contract with open interest within the range you set. |
The preceding methods return an OptionFilterUniverse
, so you can chain the methods together.
To perform thorough filtering on the OptionFilterUniverse
, define an isolated filter method.
# Select the put contracts with the lowest strike price. option.set_filter(self._contract_selector) def _contract_selector(self, option_filter_universe: OptionFilterUniverse) -> OptionFilterUniverse: return option_filter_universe \ .delta(0.5, 1.5) \ .gamma(0.0001, 0.0006) \ .vega(0.01, 1.5) \ .theta(-2.0, -0.5) \ .rho(0.5, 3.0) \ .implied_volatility(1, 3) \ .open_interest(100,500)
Filter by Other Contract Properties
To set a contract filter, in the initialize
method, call the set_filter
method of the Option
object.
# Select contracts that have a strike price within 1 strike level above and below the underlying price option.set_filter(min_strike=-1, max_strike=1) # Select contracts that expire within 30 days option.set_filter(min_expiry=timedelta(days=0), maxExpiry=timedelta(days=30)) # Select contracts that have a strike price within 1 strike level and expire within 30 days option.set_filter(min_strike=-1, max_strike=1, min_expiry=timedelta(days=0), maxExpiry=timedelta(days=30)) # Select call contracts option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.calls_only())
The following table describes the available filter techniques:
set_filter(minStrike: int, maxStrike: int) Selects the contracts that have a strike price within a minimum and maximum strike level relative to the underlying price. For example, say the underlying price is $302 and there are strikes at every $5. If you set |
set_filter(minExpiry: timedelta, maxExpiry: timedelta) Selects the contracts that expire within the range you set. This filter runs asynchronously by default. |
set_filter(minStrike: int, maxStrike: int, minExpiry: timedelta, maxExpiry: timedelta) Selects the contracts that expire and have a strike within the range you set. This filter runs asynchronously by default. |
set_filter(universeFunc: Callable[[OptionFilterUniverse], OptionFilterUniverse]) Selects the contracts that a function selects. |
The following table describes the filter methods of the OptionFilterUniverse
class:
strikes(min_strike: int, max_strike: int) Selects contracts that are within |
calls_only() Selects call contracts. |
puts_only() Selects put contracts. |
standards_only() Selects standard contracts. |
include_weeklys() Selects non-standard weeklys contracts. |
weeklys_only() Selects weekly contracts. |
front_month() Selects the front month contract. |
back_months() Selects the non-front month contracts. |
back_month() Selects the back month contracts. |
expiration(min_expiryDays: int, max_expiryDays: int) Selects contracts that expire within a range of dates relative to the current day. |
contracts(contracts: List[Symbol]) Selects a list of contracts. |
contracts(contract_selector: Callable[[List[Symbol]], List[Symbol]]) Selects contracts that a selector function selects. |
The preceding methods return an OptionFilterUniverse
, so you can chain the methods together.
# Example 1: Select the front month call contracts option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.calls_only().front_month()) # Example 2: Select the contracts (including weeklys) that expire in the next 90 days option.set_filter(lambda option_filter_universe: option_filter_universe.include_weeklys().strikes(-20, 20).expiration(0, 90))
Some of the preceding filter methods only set an internal enumeration in the OptionFilterUniverse
that it uses later on in the filter process. This subset of filter methods don't immediately reduce the number of contract Symbol
objects in the OptionFilterUniverse
.
Default Filter
By default, LEAN subscribes to the Option contracts that have the following characteristics:
- Standard type (exclude weeklys)
- Within 1 strike price of the underlying asset price
- Expire within 35 days
To adjust the universe of contracts, set a filter. The filter usually runs at the first bar of every day. When the filter selects a contract that isn't currently in your universe, LEAN adds the new contract data to the next Slice
that it passes to the on_data
method.
Navigate Intraday Option Chains
OptionChain
objects represent an entire chain of Option contracts for a single underlying security.
To get the OptionChain
, index the option_chains
property of the Slice
with the canonical symbol
. After you get the OptionChain
, you can sort and filter the Option contracts in the chain.
def on_data(self, slice: Slice) -> None: # Try to get the OptionChain using the canonical symbol chain = slice.option_chains.get(self._symbol) if chain: # Example: Find 5 put contracts that are closest to at-the-money (ATM) and have the farthest expiration contracts = [x for x in chain if x.right == OptionRight.PUT] contracts = sorted(sorted(contracts, \ key = lambda x: abs(chain.underlying.price - x.strike)), \ key = lambda x: x.expiry, reverse=True)[:5] # Select the contract with the delta closest to -0.5 contract = sorted(contracts, key=lambda x: abs(-0.5 - x.greeks.delta))[0]
You can also loop through the option_chains
property to get each OptionChain
.
def on_data(self, slice: Slice) -> None: # Iterate all received Canonical Symbol-OptionChain key-value pairs for canonical_symbol, chain in slice.option_chains.items(): contracts = chain.contracts
OptionChain
objects have the following properties:
Navigate Daily Option Chains
To get the daily, pre-calculated Greeks and implied volaility of all the currently tradable contracts, call the option_chain
method.
This method returns a DataHistory[OptionUniverse]
object, which you can format into a DataFrame or iterate through.
Each row in the DataFrame and each OptionUniverse
object represents a single contract.
The data this method returns contains information on all the currently tradable contracts, not just the contracts that pass your filter.
# In the initialize method, create a Scheduled Event to get the Option # chain and rebalance the portfolio. self.schedule.on( self.date_rules.week_start(self._symbol), self.time_rules.after_market_open(self._symbol, 1), self._rebalance ) # Define the method. def _rebalance(self): daily_option_chain = self.option_chain(self._symbol, flatten=True) # Get the DataFrame format. df = daily_option_chain.data_frame delta_by_symbol = df.delta # Get the OptionUniverse objects format. for option_universe in daily_option_chain: close = option_universe.close oi = option_universe.open_interest delta = option_universe.greeks.delta
The option_chain
method was previously known as the option_chain_provider.get_option_contract_list
method.
OptionUniverse
objects have the following properties:
Greeks and Implied Volatility
There are several ways to get the implied volatility and Greeks of contracts.
The Greeks and IV values in the filter function are the daily, pre-calculated values based on the end of the previous trading day.
def initialize(self): option = self.add_index_option("SPX") option.set_filter(lambda universe: universe.include_weeklys().delta(0.3, 0.7).expiration(0,7))
To calculate the values, we use our implementation of the Black-Scholes pricing model, which accounts for the interest rate and dividend payments when applicable. For example, VIX doesn't have dividends. We use SPY for SPX and QQQ for NDX.
You can't customize the Greeks and IV values that the filter function receives. However, you can create indicators to customize how the Greeks and IV are calculated for the contracts already in your universe.
To override the default pricing model of the Option, set a pricing model. If you set a price model, it sets the price model of the individual contracts in the universe.
// Set price_model field to use the Crank-Nicolson finite-difference model to price the Options. option.price_model = OptionPriceModels.crank_nicolson_fd()
To override the initial guess of implied volatility, set and warm up the underlying volatility model.
Historical Data
To get historical chains for an Index Option, call the history[OptionUniverse]
method with the canonical Option Symbol
.
This method returns the entire Option chain for each trading day, not the subset of contracts that pass your universe filter.
class OptionHistoryAlgorithm(QCAlgorithm): def initialize(self): self.set_start_date(2020, 1, 1) option = self.add_index_option('SPX'); # DataFrame example: history_df = self.history(option.symbol, 5, flatten=True) # OptionUniverse objects example: history = self.history[OptionUniverse](option.symbol, 5) for chain in history: end_time = chain.end_time filtered_contracts = [c for c in chain if c.greeks.delta > 0.3] for contract in filtered_contracts: symbol = contract.symbol expiry = contract.id.date strike = contract.id.strike_price price = contract.close iv = contract.implied_volatility
The Greeks and IV values that you get from a history request of the Option universe are the daily, pre-calculated values based on the end of the previous trading day. To get the intraday values or to customize the Greeks and IV calculations, create some Option indicators.
The OptionUniverse
object, which have the following properties:
Examples
The following examples demonstrate some common Index Option universes.
Example 1: 0DTE Contracts
0DTE Options are Option contracts that expire on the same day you trade them. The following algorithm selects 0DTE Option contracts for the SPX Index that fall within 3 strikes of the underlying price.
class ZeroDTEIndexOptionUniverseAlgorithm(QCAlgorithm): def initialize(self): index = self.add_index('SPX') index_option = self.add_index_option(index.symbol, 'SPXW') index_option.set_filter(lambda u: u.include_weeklys().expiration(0, 0).strikes(-3, 3))
For trading full examples of Index Option Universe, please refer to the Securities > Index Options > Requesting Data > Universes page.