Share New Research 
Intro
Superior algo returns can be thought of as being the result of two components: a great strategy regarding ‘what stocks to buy’ (the stock selection component, SEL) and a ‘clever timing’ (the in & out component, I/O) regarding when we are ‘in’ the market and hold the stocks versus when we are ‘out’ of the market and hold alternative assets such as bonds. We often focus on optimizing SEL and tend to neglect I/O; thus, for an important discussion of recent I/O tactics, see here.
Focus of this thread: Optimal SEL + I/O combinations
It is worthwhile to separately optimize SEL and I/O. However, the ultimate total return will also be determined by a certain synergy or dissonance between the two components. So, it seems that we won’t get around the arduous task of individually testing (all possible) combinations to identify optimal SEL + I/O pairs, which is the eventual focus of this thread. I reckon a preparatory step can be to dig up all the hidden SEL and I/O treasures from this forum and beyond to see what inputs are available for the combinations.
Ultimate objective
Let's get rich together, why not?
Peter Guenther
(Simplified) Demonstration of concept: SEL[“QQQ”] + I/O[“In & Out”]
In the following backtest, I combine a simple tech stock selection strategy, via buying the QQQ ETF, with the 3 Nov 2020 version of the “In & Out” strategy, which is one possible in & out-type tactic (see the In & Out thread for more tactics; link above). The backtest is from 1 Jan 2008 to 30 Oct 2020. The total return is 1,723%.
The components seem to integrate nicely: the QQQ alone (no in & out) would have yielded about 515% during the backtest period, while the In & Out strategy without a tech selection (only holding the market, SPY) would have resulted in about 1,100%.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Peter Guenther
And an additional (simplified) application, combining a yet more specific tech stock selection, the semiconductor industry, with the In & Out algo. Below are the specs for the same backtest period as above.
SEL[“SOXX”] + I/O[“In & Out”]
Total return: 1,686%
SOXX alone (i.e., always in): 559%
Implications
The In & Out combines slightly better with the QQQ selection (see above) than the SOXX selection, improving the returns from 515% to 1,723% versus from 559% to 1,686%.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
Just messing around with Flex4 QQQ version. Changing TLT and IEF to TMF and TYD pumps results up to 3539% return.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Peter Guenther
Nathan Swenson: Absolutely, and great point! If we really trust our strategy, leveraged products, such as the 3 x leveraged bond ETFs, can substantially boost returns. In the attached backtest, I have taken it one step further and used 3 x leverage for all holdings, the 'in' side and the 'out' side. Of course, one would not put all the money on a highly leveraged strategy like this. The max drawdown is 50%+, so this can be psychologically quite distressing. It may be something for a (small) portion of one's total investment, if one feels comfortable with leveraged products.
3 x leveraged SEL[“QQQ”] + I/O[“In & Out”]
'In' holdings: TQQQ
'Out' holdings: TMF, TYD (as per Nathan's test above)
Total returns: 21,882%
Note: The In & Out is the latest 'lazy trader edition', reducing the total number of trades from above 3,000 (see in the QQQ version above) to 207 ... 207 glorious trades to get us to the 20,000%+ :)
As always, for details regarding the latest versions of I/O strategies, see our discussion here.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
Wow! Well, I wouldn't likely use TQQQ due to the decay, For bonds, my thinking is that holding period is shorter and they should be less volatile resulting in less decay. Anyway, that was my thinking. Those results are amazing!
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Matthew Wormington
Per comments made in the other "In and Out" thread, perhaps the risk-off asset selection is at least as critical as the risk-on asset selcetion to provide good performance in the future.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Mateusz Pulka
Peter Guenther
If may I ask about your last algo.
You set symbol for long order:
self.HLD_IN = {self.STKS: 1}
but in the code when you want to send an order to market you have:
wt[self.MRKT] = 1
Is it a mistake or is it right? Cause HLD_IN parameter suggests that here you should have:
wt[self.STKS] = 1
By the way:
Great work with algorith.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Joshua Tsai
You can use TIPS instead of bonds (to slightly reduce returns, but it's widely applicable). Then again, the US gov's only option during bad economic times is to lower rates, and it's very unlikely the Fed would decrease rates as a section of the economy was faltering. I've also looked into going long volatility during market downturns, but it hasn't worked well.
I've attached the global ETF rotation strategy that was modified from the tutorial one on Quantconnect.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Peter Guenther
gpw radar Thanks for joining this thread and well spotted! This looks like a bug from combining the In & Out with the QQQ stock selection; will post an update soon.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Joshua Tsai
Using TIPs we achieve similar returns, but the Sharpe is much worse.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Peter Guenther
Corrected: 3 x leveraged SEL[“QQQ”] + I/O[“In & Out”]
'In' holdings: TQQQ
'Out' holdings: TMF, TYD (as per Nathan's test above)
Total returns: 15,438%
Not quite the 20,000%+, still some way to go :)
Thanks to gpw radar for spotting a bug in the earlier code which I think resulted in holding the SPY and TQQQ in parallel, i.e. on margin / leveraged. In future editions, I will try and record the leverage so that similar issues pop up quickly,
At least the max drawdown also decreased from 50%+ to 40%+, still quite steep of course.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Peter Guenther
@Joshua Tsai: Thanks for sharing these results regarding TIPs, a long volatility strategy, and the ETF rotation outline. Much appreciated and great thinking!
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Tien Duy Vo
Thanks for sharing the code. I used your last version ( Corrected: 3 x leveraged SEL[“QQQ”] + I/O[“In & Out”] ) in a small backtest from 2019-now. However, based on the orders I can not see any "In" or "Out" orders. The strategy buys TQQQ, TMF, and TYD and sells it in the same time frame. Despite all this, the performance looked good. I still wonder whether this was intentional.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
Based on corrected version and only using TQQQ and TMF, no TYD.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
Almost qualifies for competition with nearly 80% alpha score. Pretty tough for anyone to beat 23000% return over this period!
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
Large drawdown of course, but otherwise good numbers.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Tien Duy Vo
Nathan Swenson Which version did you used? Did you checked the orders?
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Peter Guenther
Great series of tests there Nathan Swenson, thanks for sharing! You cracked the 20,000% again, nice :)
Tien Duy Vo: Thanks for joining the discussion! I am not 100% whether you looked at the order data below, this is from the Corrected algo version above running from 1 Jan 2008 to today. I have copied in a part of 2019. What should be happening is that the algo alternates between holding the leveraged bond ETFs (TMF and TYD) versus holding the leveraged tech stock selection (TQQQ). For example, see the first lines with the negative quantities (-70701 and -29249): it's selling the bonds on 18 Jan 2019 which it was holding before. In parallel, it's buying the TQQQ (see positive quantity 55093). Then on 24 Jun 2019, it's selling the TQQQ quantity (-55093) and it's investing the money in the bonds (see positive quantities). So, the algo sometimes holds the TQQQ and sometimes the bonds, based on the in & out indicator (see the variable self.be_in in the code). Not sure whether this answers the question?
(Sidenote: there are some "invalid" entries in there, were it doesn't seem to be able to get a price for TQQQ. However, this doesn't seem to affect the holdings.)
Time Symbol Price Quantity Type Status Value Tag 2019-01-18T16:30:00Z TMF 18.09502674 -70701 Market Filled -1279336.485 2019-01-18T16:30:00Z TYD 41.89420637 -29249 Market Filled -1225363.642 2019-01-18T16:30:00Z TQQQ 45.31716207 55093 Market Filled 2496658.41 2019-06-24T15:30:00Z TQQQ 63.66676589 -55093 Market Filled -3507593.133 2019-06-24T15:30:00Z TMF 24.64069751 71190 Market Filled 1754171.256 2019-06-24T15:30:00Z TYD 50.32595584 34820 Market Filled 1752349.782 2019-09-06T15:30:00Z TQQQ 64.62641568 65562 Market Filled 4237037.065 2019-09-06T15:30:00Z TMF 32.36969776 -71190 Market Filled -2304398.783 2019-09-06T15:30:00Z TYD 55.32687056 -34820 Market Filled -1926481.633 2019-09-11T15:30:00Z TQQQ 64.55644122 -65562 Market Filled -4232449.399 2019-09-11T15:30:00Z TMF 29.42790146 71810 Market Filled 2113217.604 2019-09-11T15:30:00Z TYD 53.32674448 39628 Market Filled 2113232.23 2019-11-01T15:30:00Z TQQQ 0 59469 Market Invalid 0 2019-11-01T15:30:00Z TMF 28.76884979 -71810 Market Filled -2065891.103 2019-11-01T15:30:00Z TYD 53.35052892 -39628 Market Filled -2114174.76 2019-11-01T15:30:00Z TQQQ 70.48427795 59269 Market Filled 4177532.67 2019-11-05T16:30:00Z TQQQ 72.61350093 -59269 Market Filled -4303729.587 2019-11-05T16:30:00Z TMF 26.83698518 80200 Market Filled 2152326.211 2019-11-05T16:30:00Z TYD 51.835342 41577 Market Filled 2155158.014 2019-12-06T16:30:00Z TQQQ 0 56469 Market Invalid 0 2019-12-06T16:30:00Z TMF 27.60375618 -80200 Market Filled -2213821.246 2019-12-06T16:30:00Z TYD 51.82537367 -41577 Market Filled -2154743.561 2019-12-06T16:30:00Z TQQQ 77.21182285 56515 Market Filled 4363626.168The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Tien Duy Vo
Peter Guenther : Thanks for the clarification. You are right. If I start the algo on 01/01/2008, I get the same result as you have posted. However, if I start the algo on 01/01/2018 then I get these results.
+2018-01-02 11:30:00TQQQBuy MarketFill: $48.15361309433875 USD
2071Filled +2018-01-02 11:30:00TMFBuy MarketFill: $20.750885826 USD
2404Filled +2018-01-02 11:30:00TYDBuy MarketFill: $42.892753618 USD
1158Filled +2018-01-05 11:30:00TMFSell MarketFill: $20.760609765 USD
-2404Filled +2018-01-05 11:30:00TYDSell MarketFill: $42.60804548 USD
-1158Filled-2018-02-02 11:30:00TQQQSell MarketFill: $55.87096473697939 USD
-2071FilledThe material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
Ok, I see that this strategy works much better with SPY derivatives rather that NQ. Just switching over to SPXL in tandem with TMF (no TYD) I get nearly 40,000% return:
https://www.quantconnect.com/terminal/processCache?request=embedded_backtest_3f192d90a6cb21b1968829b75efdb63f.htmlThe material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
I'm thinking to set up the live trading, but to use it with paper trading just to get the signals in real time. I guess it would be better if it alerts ahead of time, like at open that there will be a trade at 2 hours after open. Because this strategy has so few trades, it's easy enough to just do the trades manually. I'm thinking I'll use a small amount in futures to trade NQ and ZB pair and my TD Ameritrade self managed 401k with a more conservative setup.
Regarding the Alpha Competition, this version qualifies with 84% PSR (Alpha score). Peter, you should think about entering it. You did all the work. I'm just playing around with for consideration of using for my own accounts.
Regarding the high results above, that was without any Margin. So if you wanted to go crazy, you could add some margin to it, or simply trade non-Leverage funds but lean more on margin.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
Screen shot of the end result.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
Sorry for all the posts. Having trouble posting screen shots when working from an IPAD.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Mateusz Pulka
Tien Duy Vo Peter Guenther
I have spotted this bug also, the problem is here (the loop is run outside the if statement):
if not self.be_in:
# Close 'In' holdings
#for asset, weight in self.HLD_IN.items():
# self.SetHoldings(asset, 0)
#for asset, weight in self.HLD_OUT.items():
# self.SetHoldings(asset, weight)
wt[self.STKS] = 0
wt[self.TLT] = .5
wt[self.IEF] = .5
# Thomas's reducing unnecessary trades
for sec, weight in wt.items():
cond1 = (self.Portfolio[sec].Quantity > 0) and (weight == 0)
cond2 = (self.Portfolio[sec].Quantity == 0) and (weight > 0)
if cond1 or cond2:
self.SetHoldings(sec, weight)
The for loop will be fire every time even if we set self.be_in to false. The correct version is:
if not self.be_in:
# Close 'In' holdings
#for asset, weight in self.HLD_IN.items():
# self.SetHoldings(asset, 0)
#for asset, weight in self.HLD_OUT.items():
# self.SetHoldings(asset, weight)
wt[self.STKS] = 0
wt[self.TLT] = .5
wt[self.IEF] = .5
# Thomas's reducing unnecessary trades
for sec, weight in wt.items():
cond1 = (self.Portfolio[sec].Quantity > 0) and (weight == 0)
cond2 = (self.Portfolio[sec].Quantity == 0) and (weight > 0)
if cond1 or cond2:
self.SetHoldings(sec, weight)
The same should be applied in second if statement.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Mateusz Pulka
Sorry some kind of formatting problem. Generally the for loop should be move inside the if statement as Tien Duy Vo pointed out when algo starts and be_in paramter is true we will buy long and short at the same time.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
I'm sorry, I don't know Python. I don't see any difference between your code blocks. Is this mistake resulting in inflated results due to margin usage?
Edit: Didn't see your last response. I will wait for a Python coder to update it. I only know C#.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Mateusz Pulka
Sorry for formating problem. The code should look like this:
https://pastebin.com/cnKm9BVYinstead of this:
https://pastebin.com/pPcGFKR0The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Nathan Swenson
So the issue pointed out by Gpw radar and Tien Duy Vo only occurs if "be_in = true" at the time of start. I don't see any issues with my order when ran from 2008 to 2020. It would seem that the results for mine are correct. I was worried that the results were invalid.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Tien Duy Vo
gpw radar : Thanks for pointing out. Great job. Unfortunately, the backtesting framework on Quantconnect seems to be much slower than on Quantopian. It is quite difficult to debug that way.
There is another issue related to this part of the code:
self.Schedule.On(
self.DateRules.EveryDay(),
self.TimeRules.AfterMarketOpen('SPY', 120),
self.rebalance_when_out_of_the_market
)
self.Schedule.On(
self.DateRules.WeekEnd(),
self.TimeRules.AfterMarketOpen('SPY', 120),
self.rebalance_when_in_the_market
)
Here, the algo is firing the two functions rebalance_when_out_of_the_market and self.rebalance_when_in_the_market, which is responsible to get "in" and "out". However, you can see that one is started every day and the other one at weekend. I wonder, whether this is done on purpose.
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Mateusz Pulka
You are right Nathan Swenson it only occures once at the begining when you start algo and when flag in is set to true. For example check out your orders when you set the star date at 1st January 2018. It is not a big deal but worh to fix it.
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Mark hatlan
Great work! This market timer does a really nice job.
However TQQQ does do way better than SPXL. SPXL starts on 11/03/2008. UPRO starts on 6/28/2009. TQQQ starts on 2/7/2010. When switching the start date to 2/7/2010 here are the returns:
SPXL +7,552%
UPRO +7,180%
TQQQ +19,859%
I think SPXL only looked better because of the earlier first trade date.
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Nathan Swenson
Thanks Mark! Good point!
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Aalap Sharma
Relativily new to all this and I would really like to know are these returns realistic in the real markets? Has anyone deployed such algos to the market and seen healthy returns. Just curious...
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Nathan Swenson
Aalap, I just turned the algo on and entered TMF. We shall see soon enough. I'm going very aggressive with leveraged products. It should be very realistic as it only trades about 10 times a year with trades just 2 hours after RTH market open. Algo is entirely in treasury bonds at the moment.
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Aalap Sharma
Cool! I was thinking the same :)
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Mateusz Pulka
Hi Guys,
I have added some improvments to the code and please noticed the result. So first algo has improvment in terms of open the trade at the begning of the cycle when we start the algo. The return for 2010-2020 is: 16 772%
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Mateusz Pulka
The second run contains the following improvement. I just want to generate a signal about in/out just right after the open market. But open position just in the same way as the original algo. What is surprising the result is 21 011%. I am a little bit surprised about this, to be honest. Any idea where this difference comes from?
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Nathan Swenson
Gpw Radar, I see it takes more trades when you check signal at open. Perhaps it's due to increased volatility at open which is more likely to trigger needed deviation. The 2 hours after close is actually European market close for which there is often a ramp up in index price. I had thought about messing around with that as even 5 minutes makes a difference in that period. I know 2hrs and 5 min is significant. The timing of entry vs exit and asset type all matter. Bonds seem affected more at open, mid day, and close, while 2hr after open seems more significant for equities. Lots of opportunity for improvement I believe with timing alone.
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Mateusz Pulka
please notice that I only generate a signal in/out 1min after the market is open and then after 120min I open the position base on the signal. I have noticed that as I used IB with the cash parameter some of the orders were not filled (lack of money) and the order was later sometimes even 5 days later.
Peter Guenther Have you tried to use futures instead of etf to generate the in/out signal?
https://finance.yahoo.com/commodities?.tsrc=fin-srch
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Nathan Swenson
Gpw, perhaps the delayed order in due to transaction order. I often see that the buy order is executed before the sell order for prior holdings. This probably needs to be fixed.
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Peter Guenther
gpw radar: Futures are a good idea and are likely to improve performance. Tentor (see In & Out thread and Quantopian archive) used futures on Quantopian and could improve the algo's total returns. However, see the discussion in the In & Out thread regarding that implementing this futures strategy is very tricky on QC.
Nathan Swenson: Great point. Probably we need a code snippet forcing the sell orders to be executed first, i.e. for those stocks whose weights are positive in the current holdings but zero in the new holdings. Then, ideally, the algo would wait for a complete sell confirmation before it goes on to the purchases. Currently beyond my coding skills to implement this -- I only can say that you made a great point there and I am hoping that others might have a suitable code to implement the idea :)
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Nathan Swenson
Regarding the warm up necessity, we will know once the next IN signal comes. I currently have the WarmUp line commented out, but haven't Peter's edit to avoid immediate entry at start. I will compare my live version to the backtest to verify it's correct. I'm currently in TMF from 34.10 (current price 36.24).as compared to Algo's entry of 37.06 on 10/6/2020 as noted in backtest log. I was lucky with my entry, catching the bottow (so far). This will give me some cushion once I make the switch into TQQQ.
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Aalap Sharma
Nathan Swenson did you deploy it on the quantconnect paper trading platform and did you get a error due to large warmup period? I deployed it on Friday after close and havent seen any errors yet. I guess it will happen tomorrow once the market opens.
I also added a snippet to email alerts to a google group, lets see if that works.
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Nathan Swenson
Aalap Sharma,
I have the warm up declaration commented out on the version I'm running. I haven't tried the latest version, but was necessary to comment out on prior version for it to run.
I am running it live with paper trading and just use signals to manually trade my accounts.
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Peter Guenther
Aalap Sharma and Nathan Swenson: Great discussions about implementing this for live trading, keep it going and good luck with the investments :)
Just to continue with the test series, I was running a different stock selection that Joseph Kravets mentioned: a momentum stock selection (via the MTUM ETF). Attached are the findings. My feeling is that the In & Out may not combine that well with a momentum strategy, but of course more tests are needed to fully assess this.
SEL[“MTUM”] + I/O[“In & Out”]
Total return: 368%
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Peter Guenther
And a disruptive innovation selection that Joseph Kravets has suggested. I reckon with this and the MTUM above, we have to factor in that these ETFs were started past 2008, which is 'depressing' returns in the backtests. Later, I will try to post a comparison with QQQ for comparable timeframes ... and then a question also is how we think the future will look like (vs how the past looked like = backtest results).
SEL[“ARKK”] + I/O[“In & Out”]
Total return: 543%
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Peter Guenther
Quite interesting! To benchmark the prior two posts:
MTUM: It seems that MTUM started in April 2013. From 1 Apr 2013, the SEL[“QQQ”] + I/O[“In & Out”] generated 213%. Thus, the 368% return of the SEL[“MTUM”] + I/O[“In & Out”] combo outperforms. Forget what I said above regarding the In & Out not combining well with a momentum stock selection strategy. This finding is more in line with what Jonathon Tzu wrote in the "Quality Companies in an Uptrend" thread:
<<Peter Guenther I've actually found that the In and Out Strategy from Quantopian meshed very well with returns (nearly tripling returns over 18 years, the length of the backtest).>>
ARKK: The ETF seems to start in Nov 2014. From 1 Nov 2014, the SEL[“QQQ”] + I/O[“In & Out”] generated 172%. Thus, the 543% of the SEL[“ARKK”] + I/O[“In & Out”] combo clearly outperforms.
It seems like we have to reshuffle our portfolios again. Kudos, Joseph Kravets for the tip :)
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Nathan Swenson
Peter, that's great! Now if we could improve "Out" holdings. The largest draw downs are in Bonds at least for my aggressive setup with TQQQ and TMF. There I see a 49.9% draw down. Not so easy to overcome that other than using a less aggressive funds and sprinkle in some Gold.
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Joseph Kravets
@Peter Guenther In my view you could select between arkk, mtum, and a quality and value etf to see which style is best that year. Arkk is what i would call a "yolo etf" , like what people on wall street bets would buy. maybe in the future value outperms momentum, who knows. You can do a portofolio optimization between the different factor etfs. Also just holding bonds is simplistic, you can have another strategy that outperforms in bear markets, such as trend following currencies/commodities/forex/maybe crypto. trend following does best in bear markets and always adapts. we dont know that bonds will do well if interest rates go up.
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Joseph Kravets
I use breakouts on 40 different futures markets. it did very well during the covid crash. you can combine this with the in and out but its complex.
https://qoppac.blogspot.com/2016/05/a-simple-breakout-trading-rule.html
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Pcnpj
Ah, nevermind. Seems like trading economics was discontinued.
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Goldie Yalamanchi
Vladimir
So I have renamed the filters as Fundamental and Momentum filters and I believe I did have them in the order you suggested. Momentum then fundamentals.
self.AddUniverse(self.MomentumSelectionFunction, self.FundamentalSelectionFunction)
Anyways I have added a short backtest here one more time to go thru the code. Yes I don't understand that initial TLT symbol error either. I may need some help to clean up this code (I did remove some more unused items). Yes I think your mention of the leverage it sometimes exceeds 1.0 and gets as high as 1.2 and in the beginning maybe for that reason it has a 20% drawdown in Sept-Oct.
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Goldie Yalamanchi
Vladimir
So I have renamed the filters as Fundamental and Momentum filters and I believe I did have them in the order you suggested. Momentum then fundamentals.
self.AddUniverse(self.MomentumSelectionFunction, self.FundamentalSelectionFunction)
Anyways I have added a short backtest here one more time to go thru the code. Yes I don't understand that initial TLT symbol error either. I may need some help to clean up this code (I did remove some more unused items). Yes I think your mention of the leverage it sometimes exceeds 1.0 and gets as high as 1.2 and in the beginning maybe for that reason it has a 20% drawdown in Sept-Oct.
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Peter Guenther
A quick one to share: I reimplemented an earlier 'for fun' algo (here in a leveraged version) that capitalizes on the strong run up in the silver price after significant market drops. The play (particularly lines 127-135): after the market has dropped by 30% or more and when the In & Out says 'in', we invest in double leveraged sliver (AGQ) until the market has approx. (within 1.5%) recovered to its pre-drop level. So here it is: the In & Out with a silver fountain :)
SEL["TQQQ" VS "AGQ"] + I/O["In & Out"]
76,000%+
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Radu Spineanu
Nathan Swenson Trying to deploy it with paper trading as well and running into "Runtime Error: Execution Security Error: Memory Usage Maxed Out - 512MB max, with last sample of 1049MB." Which plan are you using? Or what are some tricks tot make it more efficient?
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Vladimir
Goldie Yalamanchi,
Sorry, I just now realised that Peter Guenther changed his definition of superior stock selection to leveraged ETF.
I have published your strategy here.
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Peter Guenther
Goldie Yalamanchi and Vladimir: happy for you to add the Qual-Up conversation here if that would be of interest. True, we branched off a bit into the area of leverage. But the main question still is which stocks to select and combine with which in & out tactic. Leverage is just a multiplier of these choices, really. The key is that the underlying SEL + I/O choice is solid.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Goldie Yalamanchi
Thanks Peter Guenther for the confirmation. Yes as you may know, I have been trying to run this against real $$$ as may be others. I do have concerns about all the concentration of SEL into tech stocks -- I just don't know if that bubble will continue so I thought in another basket let me try to use the Qual-Up strategy presented on this forum as a hybrid. Yes, due to the very nature of the IN/OUT even the Qual-Up SEL stocks do very well.
That said, one thought is that sometimes, IN/OUT is a bit early (Feb 2020 pre-Covid) or very late (Aug 2018 - Nov 2018). The latter one there is like a 25% drawdown (depending on the leverage instrument or SEL) is a bit harsh.
Can anything be done to improve that -- I know if we overly tune the shifts of the indicator pairs instruments noise may be introduced and the algo may not work well. But just considering somehow to improve that without "overfitting".
Someone suggested some other thoughts, I have added a few in the list.
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Guy Fleury
@Peter, great work. You must know that you can push your trading strategy much higher. Changed a few things, but mostly raised the initial capital to $1M and raised the leverage to 1.2x. Not excessive, but nonetheless, productive. Added leveraging expenses would be more than covered by the added profits. The following chart does suggest that it can be done.
You could push a little more, and more than double or triple the outcome. It is a matter of choice and risk tolerance. Regardless, seeking more volatility by using leveraged ETFs will bring slightly higher drawdowns. However, knowing that they will be there, using this leveraging will force us to design better and more sensitive protective measures and better switching procedures.
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
Peter Guenther
Guy Fleury: Holy Guacamole, thanks for sharing! :)
The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation or endorsement for any security or strategy, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advisory services by QuantConnect. In addition, the material offers no opinion with respect to the suitability of any security or specific investment. QuantConnect makes no guarantees as to the accuracy or completeness of the views expressed in the website. The views are subject to change, and may have become unreliable for various reasons, including changes in market conditions or economic circumstances. All investments involve risk, including loss of principal. You should consult with an investment professional before making any investment decisions.
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